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Кистозные опухоли поджелудочной железы: обзор литературы и опыт ближайших результатов хирургического лечения в одном центре

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Цель. Анализ результатов лечения пациентов с кистозными опухолями поджелудочной железы в условиях экспертного центра гепатопанкреатобилиарной хирургии.Материал и методы. С 2014 по 2025 г. выполнено 386 резекций поджелудочной железы, из них 82 (21,24%) по поводу кистозных опухолей. Средний возраст пациентов составил 51 ± 10,7 года, 63,4% больных – женщины.Результаты. Десять (12,1%) пациентов оперировано по поводу муцинозной неоплазии боковых протоков поджелудочной железы, 13 (15,88%) – по поводу муцинозной неоплазии протока поджелудочной железы. Также оперировали 25 (30,53%) больных с муцинозно-кистозной неоплазией, 1 (1,21%) – с кистозной эндокринной опухолью, 21 (25,63%) – по поводу солидной псевдопапиллярной неоплазии, 12 (14,63%) больных с серозной цистаденомой. При ретроспективном патогистологическом анализе 121 наблюдения рака головки поджелудочной железы после панкреатодуоденальной резекции установлено, что у 31 (25,61%) пациента аденокарцинома развилась на фоне муцинозной неоплазии протока поджелудочной железы различных типов.Заключение. Кистозные опухоли поджелудочной железы представляют собой новообразования с вариабельным биологическим поведением, что требует дифференцированного подхода к диагностике и лечению.

Ключевые слова:
внутрипротоковая папиллярная муцинозная неоплазия, муцинозно-кистозная неоплазия, солидная псевдопапиллярная неоплазия, серозная цистаденома, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, mucinous cystic neoplasm, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, serous cystadenoma

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Pancreatic cystic tumors: literature review and early surgical outcomes at a certain center

Aim. To analyze the outcomes of patients with pancreatic cystic tumors managed at a high-volume hepato-pancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery center.Materials and Methods. Between 2014 and 2025, a total of 386 pancreatic resections were performed, with 82 (21.24%) for pancreatic cystic tumors. The mean patient age was 51 ± 10.7 years, and 63.4% of the patients were female.Results. Of the patients who underwent surgical operations, 10 (12.1%) had branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), and 13 (15.88%) had main-duct IPMNs. Additionally, 25 patients (30.53%) were treated for mucinous cystic neoplasms, 1 (1.21%) for a cystic neuroendocrine tumor, 21 (25.63%) for solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, and 12 (14.63%) for serous cystadenomas. A retrospective pathohistological analysis of 121 cases of pancreatic head cancer following pancreatoduodenectomy revealed that 31 patients (25.61%) had developed adenocarcinoma associated with mucinous ductal neoplasms of various types.Conclusion. Pancreatic cystic tumors exhibit variable biological behaviors, necessitating differential diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
внутрипротоковая папиллярная муцинозная неоплазия, муцинозно-кистозная неоплазия, солидная псевдопапиллярная неоплазия, серозная цистаденома, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, mucinous cystic neoplasm, solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, serous cystadenoma