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Возможности магнитно-резонансной томографии в визуализации вестибулокохлеарного нерва

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The Potentials of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Visualization of Vestibulocochlear Nerve

We examined 56 patients with symptoms of vestibulo-cochlear nerve lesions. The examinations performed on 1.5T MRI-scanner “Signa Infinity” (General Electric). Patients' complaints were divided into symptoms of acoustic and vestibular nerve's lesions. Among symptoms of acoustic nerve's lesions there were hyperacusia and hearing loss dominantly. The symptoms of vestibular nerve lesions included paroxysmal dizziness, arising at a certain position of a body and a head, a systemic vertigo – subjects' rotation in a certain direction, nystagmus and disorders of coordination. To work out the method and to study MRI-anatomy we examined 60 normal vestibulocochlear nerves. MRI with contrast enhancement and MRA (the third stage) is very useful for nerves' lesion detection and differentiation. A contrast enhancement from nerve and surrounding tissue in MRI sometimes can be the initial and the only appearance of the disease. Application of 3D-SPGR pulse sequence with contrast enhancement raises a reliability of the definition of such pathological changes as: foci of demyelinization in the entry on nerves roots, small schwannomas, and meningiomas. Contrast enhanced MRA allows surely to differentiate a vessel adjacent to a nerve root when vasorenal compression occurs. Postprocessing, which includes MPR and MIP algorithms, allows obtaining 3D-reconstructions with a high signal from vessels and volumes in orthogonal or curved sections, setting apart from original images, for difficult anatomical objects.

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