Медицинская литература. Новинки

 

 

 

 

 

 

Визуализационные исследования почек и мочевых путей в педиатрии

Вы можете загрузить полный текст статьи в формате pdf

Представлены современные подходы к визуализационной диагностике нефропатий детского возраста. Обосновываются показания к рациональному использованию ультразвуковых, радионуклидных, традиционных рентгеновских методов, магнитнорезонансной и компьютерной томографии в зависимости от клинических данных и возраста ребенка.

Ключевые слова:
нефропатия детского возраста, лучевая диагностика

Литература:
1. Игнатова М.С. Распространенность заболеваний органов мочевой системы у детей. Российский вестник
перинатологии и педиатрии. 2000; 1: 2429
2. Grenier N., Hauger O., Cimpean A., Perot V. Update of
renal imaging. Semin Nucl Med. 2006; 36: 315.
3. Boubaker A., Prior J.O., Meuwly JY., Bischof Delaloye A.
Radionuclide Investigations of the Urinary Tract in the Era
of Multimodality Imaging. Journal Nucl Med. 2006;
47(11): 18191836
4. Ilyas M., Mastin S.T., Richard G.A. Agerelated radiological imaging in children with acute pyelonephritis. Pediatr
Nephrol. 2002; 17: 3034.
5. Дыбунов А.Г., Дворяковский И.В., Зоркин С.Н. Возможности допплерографии в диагностике обструктивных уропатий у детей. Ультразвуковая диагностика.
2006; 4: 3541.
6. Practice parameter: the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and
young children. American Academy of Pediatrics.
Committee on Quality Improvement. Subcommittee on
Urinary Tract Infection. Pediatrics. 1999;103: 843852.
7. Hansson S., Dhamey M., Sigstrom O. et al. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy instead of voiding cystourethrography for infants with urinary tract infection. J
Urol. 2004 Sep; 172(3): 10713; discussion 10734.
8. Piepsz A., Ham H.R. Pediatric applications of renal nuclear
medicine. Semin Nucl Med. 2006; 36: 1635.
9. Wang Y.T., Chiu N.T., Chen M.J. et al. Correlation of renal
ultrasonographic findings with inflammatory volume from
dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scans in children with acute
pyelonephritis. J Urol. 2005; 173: 190194.
10. Дворяковский И.В. Ультразвуковая диагностика в неонатологии и педиатрии. АИРАРТ. Москва. 2000; 216.
11. Mandell G.A., Eggli D.F., Gilday D.L. et al. Procedure
guideline for renal cortical scintigraphy in children. Society
of Nuclear Medicine. J Nucl Med. 1997; 38: 16441646.
12. Piepsz A., Colarinha P., Gordon I. et al. Guidelines for
99mTcDMSA scintigraphy in children. Eur J Nucl Med.
2001; 28: BP37BP41.
13. Kovanlikaya A., Okkay N., Cakmakci H. et al. Comparison
of MRI and renal cortical scintigraphy findings in childhood
acute pyelonephritis: preliminary experience. Eur J
Radiol. 2004; 49: 7680.
14. Ilyas M., Mastin S.T., Richard G.A. Agerelated radiological
imaging in children with acute pyelonephritis. Pediatr
Nephrol. 2002; 17:3 034.
15. Hitzel A., Liard A., Dacher J.N. et al. Quantitative analysis
of 99mTcDMSA during acute pyelonephritis for prediction of longterm renal scarring. J Nucl Med.
2004;45:285289.
16. Majd M., Nussbaum Blask A.R., Markle B.M. et al. Acute
pyelonephritis: comparison of diagnosis with 99mTcDMSA, SPECT, spiral CT, MR imaging, and power Doppler
US in an experimental pig model. Radiology. 2001; 218:
101108.
17. Weiser A.C., Amukele S.A., Leonidas J.C., Palmer L.S.
The role of gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance
imaging for children with suspected acute pyelonephritis.
J Urol. 2003; 169: 23082311.18. Penido Silva J.M., Oliveira E.A., Diniz J.S. et al. Clinical
course of prenatally detected primary vesicoureteral
reflux. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006; 21: 8691.
19. Elder J.S.. Imaging for vesicoureteral reflux: is there a better way? J Urol. 2005; 174: 78.
20. Lebowitz R.L., Olbing H., Parkkulainen K.V., Smellie J.M.
TamminenMobius TE. International system of radi
ographic grading of vesicoureteric reflux. International
Reflux Study in Children. Pediatr Radiol. 1985; 15: 105109.
21. Novljan G., Kenig A., Rus R., Kenda R.B. Cyclic voiding
urosonography in detecting vesicoureteral reflux in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2003; 18: 992995.
22. Kopac M., Kenig A., Kljucevsek D., Kenda R.B. Indirect
voiding urosonography for detecting vesicoureteral reflux
in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2005; 20: 12851287.
23. Fettich J., Colarinha P., Fischer S. et al. Guidelines for
direct radionuclide cystography in children. Eur J Nucl
Med Mol Imaging. 2003; 30: B39B44.
24. Mandell G.A., Eggli D.F., Gilday D.L. et al. Procedure
guideline for radionuclide cystography in children. Society
of Nuclear Medicine. J Nucl Med. 1997; 38: 16501654.
25. Gordon I., Colarinha P., Fettich J. et al. Guidelines for indirect radionuclide cystography. Eur J Nucl Med. 2001; 28:
BP16BP20.
26. Цыгин А.Н.., Зоркин С.Н., В.Н.Лучанинова К вопросу о
протоколе лечения инфекции мочевыводящих путей в
детском возрасте. Нефрология и диализ. 2003; 5(2):
178181.
27. Polito C., Rambaldi P.F., Signoriello G. et al. Permanent
renal parenchymal defects after febrile UTI are closely
associated with vesicoureteric reflux. Pediatr Nephrol.
2006; 21: 521526.
28. Lee S.K., Chang Y., Park N.H. et al. Magnetic resonance
voiding cystography in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral
reflux: comparative study with voiding cystourethrography.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2005; 21: 406414.
29. Woodward M., Frank D. Postnatal management of antenatal hydronephrosis. BJU Int. 2002; 89: 149156.
30. Signorelli M., Cerri V., Taddei F. et al. Prenatal diagnosis
and management of mild fetal pyelectasis: implications for
neonatal outcome and followup. Eur J Obstet Gynecol
Reprod Biol. 2005; 118: 154159.
31. Fernbach S.K., Maizels M., Conway J.J. Ultrasound grading of hydronephrosis: introduction to the system used by
the Society for Fetal Urology. Pediatr Radiol. 1993; 23:
478480.
32. Boubaker A., Meyrat B., Frey P., Bischof Delaloye A.
Unilateral urinary flow impairment at the pelviureteral junction: outcome of renal function with respect to therapeutic
strategy. Urology. 2003; 61: 12241228.
33. Bird V.G., GomezMarin O., Leveillee R.J. et al. A comparison of unenhanced helical computerized tomography
findings and renal obstruction determined by furosemide
99m technetium mercaptoacetyltriglycine diuretic scintirenography for patients with acute renal colic. J Urol.
2002; 167: 15971603.
34. Shokeir A.A., ElDiasty T., Eassa W. et al. Diagnosis of noncalcareous hydronephrosis: role of magnetic resonance
urography and noncontrast computed tomography.
Urology. 2004; 63: 225229.
35. Chu W.C., Lam W.W., Chan K.W. et al. Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance urography for assessing drainage in dilated pelvicalyceal systems with moderate renal function: preliminary results and comparison with
diuresis renography. BJU Int. 2004; 93: 830834.
36. Lefort C., MarouteauPasquier N., Pesquet A.S. et al.
Dynamic MR urography in urinary tract obstruction: implementation and preliminary results. Abdom Imaging. 2006;
31: 232240.
37. Jones R.A., Easley K., Little S.B. et al. Dynamic contrastenhanced MR urography in the evaluation of pediatric
hydronephrosis: part 1, functional assessment. AJR 2005;
185: 15981607.
38. Riccabona M. Pediatric magnetic resonance urography:
just fancy images or a new important diagnostic tool? New
developments in urologic imaging. Current opinion in
Urology. 2007; 17(1): 4855.
39. Boubaker A., Prior J.O., Meyrat B. et al. Unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children: longterm followup
after unilateral pyeloplasty. J Urol. 2003; 170: 575579.
40. Wong J.C., Rossleigh M.A., Farnsworth R.H. Utility of
technetium99mMAG3 diuretic renography in the neona
tal period. J Nucl Med. 1995; 36: 22142219.
41. Gordon I., Colarinha P., Fettich J. et al. Guidelines for standard and diuretic renography in children. Eur J Nucl Med.
2001; 28: BP21BP30.
42. Koff S.A., Binkovitz L., Coley B., Jayanthi V.R. Renal pelvis
volume during diuresis in children with hydronephrosis:
implications for diagnosing obstruction with diuretic
renography. J Urol. 2005; 174: 303307.
43. Zeller T. Renal artery stenosis: epidemiology, clinical manifestation, and percutaneous endovascular therapy. J
Interv Cardiol. 2005; 18: 497506.
44. Senitko M., Fenves A.Z. An update on renovascular hypertension. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2005; 7: 405411.
45. Leiner T., de Haan M.W., Nelemans P.J. et al.
Contemporary imaging techniques for the diagnosis of
renal artery stenosis. Eur Radiol. 2005; 15: 22192229.
46. Fommei E., Ghione S., Hilson A.J. et al. Captopril radionuclide test in renovascular hypertension: a European multicentre study. European Multicentre Study Group. Eur J
Nucl Med. 1993; 20: 617623.
47. Gunay E.C., Ozturk M.H., Ergun E.L. et al. Losartan renography for the detection of renal artery stenosis: comparison with captopril renography and evaluation of dose and
timing. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2005; 32: 10641074.
48. Paven G., Waugh R., Nicholson J. et al. Screening tests for
renal artery stenosis: a caseseries from an Australian tertiary referral centre. Nephrology (Carlton). 2006; 11: 6872.
49. Vasbinder G.B., Nelemans P.J., Kessels A.G. et al.
Accuracy of computed tomographic angiography and
magnetic resonance angiography for diagnosing renal
artery stenosis. Ann Intern Med. 2004; 141: 674682.
50. Binkert C.A., Debatin J.F., Schneider E. et al. Can MR
measurement of renal artery flow and renal volume predict
the outcome of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty? Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2001; 24: 233239.
51. Vasbinder G.B., Nelemans P.J., Kessels A.G. et al.
Diagnostic tests for renal artery stenosis in patients suspected of having renovascular hypertension: a meta
analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2001; 135: 401411.
52. Khosla S. Renal artery stenosis: a review of therapeutic
options. Minerva Cardioangiol. 2005; 53: 7991.
53. Vrtiska T.J., Hattery R.R., King B.F. et al. Role of ultrasound
in medical management of patients with renal stone disease. Urol Radiol. 1992; 14(3): 1318.
54. Ronnefarth G., Misselwitz J. Nephrocalcinosis in children:
a retrospective survey. Members of the
Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur padiatrische Nephrologie.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2000 Sep; 14(1011): 101621.
55. Assi Z., Platt J.F., Francis I.R. et al. Sensitivity of CT scout
radiography and abdominal radiography for revealing
ureteral calculi on helical CT: implications for radiologic
followup. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2000 Aug; 175(2): 3337.
56. Yilmaz S., Sindel T., Arslan G. et al. Renal colic: comparison of spiral CT, US and IVU in the detection of ureteral calculi. Eur Radiol. 1998; 8(2): 2127.
57. Somlo S., Markowitz G.S. The pathogenesis of autosomal
dominant polycystic kidney disease: an update. Curr Opin
Nephrol Hypertens. 2000 Jul; 9(4): 38594.
58. Nascimento A.B., Mitchell D.G., Zhang X.M. et al. Rapid
MR imaging detection of renal cysts: agebased standards. Radiology. 2001 Dec; 221(3): 62832.
59. Perrone R. Imaging progression in polycystic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2006 May 18; 354(20): 21813.
60. Broyer M., Soto B., Gagnadoux M.F. et al. Oligonephronic
renal hypoplasia. Adv. Nephrol. 1997; 26: 4763.
61. Latini M., Curtis M.R., Cendron M. et al. Prenatal failure to
visualize kidneys: a spectrum of disease. Urology. 1998;
52: 30611
62. Кармазановский Г.Г., Поляев Ю.А., Юдин А.Л., Шимановский Н.Л. Современные рентгеноконтрастные
средства и нефропатия: как снизить риск развития почечной недостаточности? Медицинская визуализация. 2007; 1: 135144.

Imaging Kidneys and Urinary Tract in Pediatrics

A review of up to date approach to visualization methods in childhood nephropathies is presented. Indications for optimal application of ultrasonography, radionuclide imaging, traditional Xray survey, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography discussed with a consideration of clinical data and child's age.

Keywords:
childhood nephropathies, diagnostic imaging.