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Особенности ультразвуковой диагностики рака желчного пузыря

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В исследование включены 32 пациента с клиническим диагнозом “новообразование желчного пузыря”. 9 больным ранее была выполнена холецистэктомия, поэтому оценка желчного пузыря осуществлена 23 больным. Пациенты были распределены согласно ультразвуковым типам визуализации рака желчного пузыря: с полиповидным типом - 4 (17,4%) из 23; с утолщением стенок - 6 (26,1%); с образованием, замещающим желчный пузырь, - 13 (56,5%). Чувствительность, точность, специфичность, положительная прогностическая значимость и отрицательная прогностическая значимость ультразвукового исследования в выявлении рака желчного пузыря составили 73,7, 65,2, 25,0, 82,3 и 16,7% соответственно. Чувствительность, точность, специфичность, положительная прогностическая значимость и отрицательная прогностическая значимость ультразвукового исследования в определении распространения опухолевого процесса на печень составили 100,0, 96,9, 88,9, 95,8 и 100,0% соответственно. Чувствительность, точность, специфичность, положительная прогностическая значимость и отрицательная прогностическая значимость ультразвукового исследования в определении распространения опухолевого процесса на регионарные лимфатические узлы составили 72,7, 73,7, 75,0, 80,0 и 66,7% соответственно. В статье представлен обзор литературы, посвященный распространенности рака желчного пузыря, факторам риска его развития, ультразвуковой диагностике новообразований желчного пузыря.

Ключевые слова:
ультразвуковая диагностика, рак желчного пузыря, полиповидный тип рака желчного пузыря, тип рака желчного пузыря с утолщенной стенкой, тип рака желчного пузыря в виде образования, замещающего желчный пузырь, ultrasound diagnostics, gallbladder cancer, polypoid type of gallbladder cancer, thickened-wall type of gallbladder cancer, and mass-forming type of gallbladder cancer

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Ultrasound of Gallbladder Cancer

32 patients with suspicion for gallbladder cancer were included in the study. 9 patients previously underwent cholecystectomy, so gallbladder of 23 patients was examined. All patients were divided according to the ultrasound types of gallbladder cancer as follows: 4 (17.4%) from 23 - polypoid type, 6 (26.1%) - thickened-wall type, 13 (56.5%) - mass-forming type. Sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of ultrasound in gallbladder cancer diagnosis were 73.7, 65.2, 25.0, 82.3 and 16.7% respectively. Sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of ultrasound in diagnosis of tumor extension to the liver were 100.0, 96.9, 88.9, 95.8 and 100.0% respectively. Sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of ultrasound in diagnosis of tumor extension to the regional lymph nodes were 72.7, 73.7, 75.0, 80.0 and 66.7% respectively. Literature review includes gallbladder cancer prevalence data, risk factors of cancer development and ultrasound diagnostics of gallbladder tumors description.

Keywords:
ультразвуковая диагностика, рак желчного пузыря, полиповидный тип рака желчного пузыря, тип рака желчного пузыря с утолщенной стенкой, тип рака желчного пузыря в виде образования, замещающего желчный пузырь, ultrasound diagnostics, gallbladder cancer, polypoid type of gallbladder cancer, thickened-wall type of gallbladder cancer, and mass-forming type of gallbladder cancer