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Артериовенозные мальформации головного мозга у плода. Пренатальная ультразвуковая диагностика, лечение, прогноз

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Проведен детальный литературный обзор, посвященный артериовенозной мальформации вены Галена с целью систематизации современных знаний по данной проблеме. Анализ данных включает анатомические, генетические, морфологические, патофизиологические аспекты, классификацию, клиническую картину, диагностику, постнатальный прогноз летальности и неврологических осложнений с учетом предикторов неблагоприятных исходов. Подробно описаны механизмы декомпенсации, обусловленные постнатальной перестройкой гемодинамики.В статье также освещены современные методы лечения в неонатальном периоде.Подчеркнута важность пренатального формирования групп риска и определения показаний к возможности внутриутробного хирургического лечения.

Ключевые слова:
мальформация вены Галена, фетальная хирургия, ультразвуковое исследование плода, vein of Galen malformation, fetal surgery, fetal ultrasound

Литература:
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Arteriovenous malformations of the fetal brain. Prenatal ultrasound, treatment, prognosis

A detailed literature review on arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen, aimed at systematizing modern knowledge on this problem, was carried out. The data analysis includes anatomical, genetic, morphological, and pathophysiological aspects, classification, clinical features, diagnosis, postnatal prognosis of mortality and neurological complications taking into account predictors of adverse outcomes. The mechanisms of decompensation caused by postnatal rearrangements of hemodynamics are described in detail.The article also highlights the modern methods of treatment in the neonatal period.The importance of prenatal formation of risk groups and determination of indications for the fetal surgical treatment is emphasized.

Keywords:
мальформация вены Галена, фетальная хирургия, ультразвуковое исследование плода, vein of Galen malformation, fetal surgery, fetal ultrasound