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Магнитно-резонансная томография при диагностике метастазов рака молочной железы в головной мозг (краткий обзор литературы)

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Рак молочной железы занимает 1-е место в структуре онкологической заболеваемости и смертности у женского населения в Российской Федерации и является второй по частоте метастазирования первичной солидной злокачественной опухолью после рака легких, а встречаемость этих, часто смертельных поражений в настоящее время увеличивается после улучшения системного лечения. При этом прогноз пациенток, у которых развивается метастатическое поражение головного мозга, обычно неблагоприятный, так как немногие из них живут дольше 1 года. Цель исследования: проанализировать последние исследования, относящиеся к вопросам применения магнитно-резонансная томографии при диагностике метастазов рака молочной железы в головной мозг. Заключение. При наличии характерных результатов МРТ-исследований, указывающих на наличие возможных первичных глиом головного мозга, а не метастазов, необходимо хирургическое вмешательство (биопсия) для гистопатологических исследований с целью окончательного установления диагноза основного заболевания.

Ключевые слова:
рак молочной железы, метастазы в головной мозг, магнитно-резонансная томография, breast cancer, brain metastases, magnetic resonance imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of breast cancer metastases in the brain (a brief review of the literature)

Breast cancer occupies the 1st place in the structure of oncological morbidity and mortality in the female population in the Russian Federation and is the second most common metastasis of primary solid malignant tumor after lung cancer, and the incidence of these often fatal lesions is currently increasing after improving systemic treatment. At the same time, the prognosis of patients who develop metastatic brain damage is usually unfavorable, since few of them live longer than 1 year. The purpose of the study: to analyze recent studies related to the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of breast cancer metastases in the brain. Conclusion. If there are characteristic results of MRI studies indicating the presence of possible primary gliomas of the brain, and not metastases, surgical intervention (biopsy) is necessary for histopathological studies, in order to finally establish the diagnosis of the underlying disease.

Keywords:
рак молочной железы, метастазы в головной мозг, магнитно-резонансная томография, breast cancer, brain metastases, magnetic resonance imaging