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Цель работы - осветить основные компоненты программ ускоренной реабилитации, сравнить результаты традиционных операций на поджелудочной железе, выполненных по этим программам, а также представить возможные перспективы этого направления. Число операций на поджелудочной железе значительно увеличилось. Несмотря на значительное уменьшение послеоперационной летальности, частота осложнений остается значительной даже в специализированных центрах. Полное восстановление качества жизни больных после операции занимает продолжительное время. Концепция ускоренной реабилитации после операций, основанная на принципах доказательной медицины, показала эффективность в отдельных областях абдоминальной хирургии. Однако роль этой концепции в хирургической панкреатологии не уточнена. Нерандомизированные и отдельные рандомизированные исследования показали, что применение протоколов ускоренной реабилитации пациентов, оперированных на поджелудочной железе, является безопасным, позволяет уменьшить продолжительность пребывания в стационаре после операции без увеличения числа осложнений и летальности.
Ключевые слова:
поджелудочная железа, ускоренная реабилитация, оперативные вмешательства, билиарная декомпрессия, инфузионная терапия, анестезия, питание, ранняя мобилизация, дренирование брюшной полости, pancreas, enhanced recovery, surgical procedure, biliary decompression, infusion therapy, anesthesia, nutrition, early mobilization, abdominal drainage
Литература:
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The aim of the work is to highlight the main components of the enhanced rehabilitation programs, to compare the results of traditional pancreas operations performed under these programs, and also to present possible prospects for this area. The number of operations performed in patients with various pathologies of the pancreas has increased significantly. Despite a significant reduction in postoperative mortality, the frequency of postoperative complications remains significant, even in specialized centers. The full restoration of the quality of life after surgery takes considerable time. The concept of accelerated rehabilitation after surgery, based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, has been shown to be effective in specific areas of abdominal surgery. However, the role of this concept in surgical pancreatology is not specified. Non-randomized studies and individual randomized studies have shown that the use of accelerated rehabilitation protocols for pancreatic surgery is safe, allowing you to reduce the duration of postoperative hospital stay without increasing the number of complications and mortality.
Keywords:
поджелудочная железа, ускоренная реабилитация, оперативные вмешательства, билиарная декомпрессия, инфузионная терапия, анестезия, питание, ранняя мобилизация, дренирование брюшной полости, pancreas, enhanced recovery, surgical procedure, biliary decompression, infusion therapy, anesthesia, nutrition, early mobilization, abdominal drainage