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Цель: определить клиническую ценность повышения антител к тиреоглобулину (атТГ) в качестве дополнительного опухолевого маркера у больных дифференцированным раком щитовидной железы (ДРЩЖ) после тиреоидэктомии и радиойодаблации. Материалы и методы. Из 345 больных ДРЩЖ после тиреоидэктомии, поступающих для проведения радиойодтерапии (РЙТ), отобрано 148 пациентов (93 – с отдаленными метастазами, 55 – без отдаленных метастазов) с повышенным уровнем атТГ в сыворотке крови. Исследование атТГ проводилось перед каждым сеансом РЙТ или диагностическим сканированием всего тела с I131. Результаты атТГ сопоставлены с уровнем тиреоглобулина (ТГ) и данными, полученными при УЗИ шеи, рентгенографии легких (и костей по показаниям) и сцинтиграфии всего тела с I131. Результаты. Уровень атТГ был повышен у 21% больных до радиойодаблации. У 22% пациентов с исходно нормальным значением атТГ отмечено их увеличение на фоне РЙТ. У больных без отдаленных метастазов атТГ снижались после 1–2 курсов РЙТ, в среднем через 8,9 мес после аблации. При более длительной персистенции атТГ в 78% случаев выявляли тиреоидный остаток на шее, продолженный рост опухоли и метастазы в регионарные лимфоузлы. У больных с исходно нормальным уровнем атТГ его транзиторное повышение в течение 3–6 мес после аблации свидетельствовало о разрушении тиреоидного остатка. Подъем атТГ в более поздние сроки (после 3–5го курса РЙТ) указывал на продолженный рост / регионарное метастазирование в 86% случаев. У больных с отдаленными метастазами мы не выявили зависимости изменения концентрации атТГ от клинического статуса (частоты регресса метастазов). Однако в случае низкого уровня ТГ и постоянно высокого уровня атТГ именно атТГ являются маркером персистенции заболевания. Заключение. Длительная персистенция повышенного уровня атТГ и/или повышение (даже транзиторное) атТГ в поздние сроки после аблации у больных ДРЩЖ может служить дополнительным маркером персистенции/рецидива заболевания. При низком уровне ТГ и высоком атТГ последние становятся единственным маркером ДРЩЖ
Ключевые слова:
рак щитовидной железы, тиреоглобулин, антитела к тиреоглобулину.
Литература:
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Purpose: to evaluate the clinical utility of antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) as a tumor marker in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation. Patients and methods. From 345 consecutive DTC patients after thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation we selected 148 patients with elevated TgAb level (with distant metastasis n = 93, without distant metastasis n = 55). Serum TgAb concentration was measured before radioiodine ablation and then every time before 131I treatment (RIT) or diagnostic 131I whole body scanning (WBS). Results were compared with serum thyroglobulin (Tg) concentration, neck echography, lung and bone roentgenography and 131I WBS findings. Results. TgAb level was elevated in 21% DTC patients before 131I ablation. The other 22% with initially normal TgAb displayed their rising during followup. In absence of distant metastasis TgAb declined after 1st–2nd cycle of RIT (an average 8.9 months after 131I ablation). Persistance or rising of TgAb in the longer term was associated with detectable thyroid remnant, residual tumor or metastatic lymph nodes. In case of negative TgAb status after sugery an increase of TgAb during first 3–6 months after ablation indicated mostly a response to the rise of Tg antigen secondary to 131I ablation. A rise TgAb in the longer term (after 3rd–5th cycles of RIT) indicated to residual or recurrent disease in 86% cases. In patients with distant metastasis there were no correlation between change in TgAb concentration and clinical status, including the rate of regression of metastatic disease. But in case of low or undetectable Tg and permanent high TgAb level only TgAb indicated the presence of disease. Conclusion: persistence or rising TgAb in longer term after 131I ablation can serve as surrogate tumor marker of per sistent or recurrent disease. It is critical to measure TgAb concentration, especially in patients with low or undetectable Tg, because in these cases TgAb ap
Keywords:
thyroid cancer, thyroglobulin, anti-thyroglobulin antibodies