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Fatty tumors are quite common among the soft tissue tumors. Malignant fatty tumors – liposarcomas, constitute about 12–14% of the soft tissue sarcomas. The low grade liposarcomas are characterized with the low aggressiveness, being thus similar to lipomas, which sometimes complicates identification of the both types. The aim of our study is to assess the possibilities of magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) in the differentiation of soft tissue lipomas and low grade liposarcomas, as well as assessment of the diagnostic value of T1/SE and T2/STIR pulse sequences. Materials and Methods: From 155 patients with soft tissue tumors examined in institute of medical radiology 42 patients with histologically verified fatty tumors have been assessed retrospectively: 31 of them had lipomas and 11 suffered from low grade liposarcomas. Results: Lipoma were detected as neoplasms of homogenous structure with even, clear contours, identified by hyperintensive signals on both T1- and T2- weighted images and isointensive hypodermic fatty cellulose. Thin septa were identified both in the cases of lipomas and liposarcomas, while thick septa, nodules with uneven contours were identified in all cases of liposarcoma. In all cases of liposarcoma the tumor structure was non-homogenous and non-fatty septa and fibrosis were present. MRI criteria for the low grade liposarcomas were the followings: non-homogenous structure of the tumor due to the presence of thick septa and (or) a nodule, signal intensity parameters of which differed from the normal fatty tissue. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is highly informative non-invasive method of examination in the diagnostics of soft tissue tumors, differentiated diagnostics of lipomas and liposarcomas. It offers a potential for a puncture biopsy, which is crucially important for selection of adequate tactics of treatment.
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