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Mediastinal masses are relatively rare but clinically very important pathology. In most cases the presence of mediastinal mass leads to surgical resection often with chemotherapy before or after operation. In the most centers CT became a mainstay for evaluation of mediastinal pathology including tumors. Recent advances in CT imaging, including single and multidetector row spiral CT (MDCT) have further improved the ability of CT to demonstrate the mediastinal pathology. By significantly shortening scan time, respiratory artifacts are limited and the use of contrast medium becomes more effective. The total data set in MDCT can be effectively reconstructed in a variety of nonaxial plans, often facilitating interpretation of mediastinal abnormalities. The application of nonaxial two and three dimensional (2D and 2D) reconstruction techniques has been demonstrated most useful for great vessels and trachea. In these study 165 patients with suspected mediastinal masses were evaluated with MDCT angiography, 58 of them had solitary mediastinal tumor. Among them 26 patients underwent surgery with complete or partial resection of a tumor. Our study showed that CT angiography with 3D evaluation of anatomic structures of mediastinum is an effective diagnostic tool for thoracic surgery and chemotherapy of patients with suspected mediastinal masses.
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