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Мукормикоз легких - редко встречающаяся оппортунистическая инфекция, вызванная грибами, которые относятся к порядку Mucorales класса Zygomycetes. Основными факторами риска развития заболевания являются сахарный диабет и глубокая нейтропения. В последние годы отмечается рост частоты встречаемости мукормикоза, что связывают с более широким применением агрессивных схем химиотерапии, в том числе возрастным пациентам, а также увеличением числа трансплантаций стволовых клеток крови. Заболевание характеризуется тяжелым течением с быстрой генерализацией и высокой летальностью. Применение лучевых методов диагностики - первый способ обследования пациента при подозрении на инфекционный процесс. Выявление характерных признаков мукормикоза позволяет лечащему врачу назначать дальнейшие исследования и поставить ранний диагноз, что в свою очередь значительно улучшает прогноз заболевания.
Ключевые слова:
мукормикоз, зигомикоз, микоз, инфекционные осложнения, пневмония, иммунокомпрометированные пациенты, пациенты с нейтропенией, компьютерная томография, mucormycosis, zygomycosis, mycosis, infectious complications, pneumonia, immunocompromised patients, patients with neutropenia, computed tomography
Литература:
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Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection, caused by Zygomycetes, order Mucorales. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and neutropenia are main risk factors. In recent years, the incidence of mucormycosis is increasing, due to widespread use of aggressive chemotherapy, including schemes for elder patients and increasing amount of stem cell transplantation. The disease is characterised by severe course, rapid spread and high mortality rates. Radiological diagnostics is first line methods in detecting infectious process in patients. Detecting specific features helps physician in early diagnosis and improve outcome of disease.
Keywords:
мукормикоз, зигомикоз, микоз, инфекционные осложнения, пневмония, иммунокомпрометированные пациенты, пациенты с нейтропенией, компьютерная томография, mucormycosis, zygomycosis, mycosis, infectious complications, pneumonia, immunocompromised patients, patients with neutropenia, computed tomography