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Эхокардиографическая оценка структурных и функциональных свойств левого желудочка у детей с гипертрофической кардиомиопатией

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Цель исследования: анализ структурных и систолодиастолических характеристик левых камер сердца у детей с обструктивной гипертрофической кардиомиопатией (ГКМП).Материал и методы. Выполнено комплексное ретроспективное сравнительное эхокардиографическое исследование детей с обструктивной формой ГКМП в возрасте 1–17 лет (n = 52) и контрольной группы (n = 1060) здоровых детей того же возраста.Результаты. Проанализированы основные показатели структурных и систолодиастолических свойств левых камер сердца у детей двух групп. Помимо этого, у пациентов с ГКМП оценивалась корреляционная связь показателей систолической и диастолической функции левого желудочка (ЛЖ) с толщиной межжелудочковой перегородки (МЖП). Большинство показателей, характеризующих систолические свойства ЛЖ, не имели корреляционных связей с увеличением толщины МЖП. Диастолические параметры – скорость расслабления миокарда в фазу быстрого наполнения, определенная по тканевому допплеровскому режиму (е), и давление наполнения ЛЖ статистически значимо коррелировали с увеличением толщины МЖП.Выводы. Эхокардиография у детей с обструктивной ГКМП остается “золотым стандартом” диагностики, позволяющим комплексно оценить основные структурные характеристики камер сердца.

Ключевые слова:
гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия, гемодинамика гипертрофической кардиомиопатии, эхокардиография, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hemodynamics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, echocardiography

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Echocardiographic assessment of the structural and functional properties of the left ventricle in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Aim. Analysis of the structural and systole-diastolic characteristics of the left chambers of the heart in children with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Materials and methods. A comprehensive retrospective comparative echocardiographic study of children with obstructive HCM aged 1–17 years (n = 52) and a control group (n = 1060) of healthy children of the same age was performed.Results. The main indicators of the structural and systole-diastolic properties of the left chambers of the heart in children of two groups were analyzed. In addition, in patients with HCM, the correlation between parameters of systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle and the thickness of the interventricular septum was assessed. Most of the indicators characterizing the systolic properties of the LV had no correlation with an increase in the thickness of the IVS. Diastolic parameters – the rate of myocardial relaxation during the rapid filling phase, determined by tissue Doppler mode (e), and LV filling pressure – statistically significantly correlated with an increase in IVS thickness.Conclusions. Echocardiography in children with obstructive HCM remains the gold standard for diagnosis, allowing a comprehensive assessment of the main structural characteristics of the heart chambers.

Keywords:
гипертрофическая кардиомиопатия, гемодинамика гипертрофической кардиомиопатии, эхокардиография, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hemodynamics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, echocardiography