Медицинская литература. Новинки

 

 

 

 

 

 

Аутоантительные биомаркеры в дифференциальной диагностике фолликулярных опухолей щитовидной железы

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На сегодняшний день “золотым стандартом” в диагностике опухолей щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) является тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия (ТАБ). Однако ТАБ в 15–30% наблюдений не позволяет дифференцировать доброкачественную природу опухоли от злокачественной. В целях поиска дополнительных индикаторов в предоперационной дифференциальной диагностике опухолей ЩЖ нами исследован диагностический потенциал 3 кандидатных раковоассоциированных антигенов в клинической группе 22 доброкачественных и 26 злокачественных опухолей ЩЖ. Чувствительность и специфичность метода составили 55–60 и 95–100% соответственно (p 0,001, точный критерий Фишера). Таким образом, была разработана прототипная панель антигенов для дифференциальной диагностики опухолей ЩЖ, которую можно рассматривать как платформу для дальнейших разработок с целью повышения точности предоперационной диагностики рака ЩЖ.

Ключевые слова:
фолликулярная опухоль, рак щитовидной железы, аутоантительные биомаркеры, тонкоигольная пункционная биопсия

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Autoantibody profiling of benign and malignant thyroid tumors and design of a prototype diagnostic array

Currently the “gold standard” in diagnostics of thyroid tumors is a fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). However, FNAC cannot discriminate between benign and malignant thyroid tumors in 15 to 30% of observations. In order to develop an additional tool for differential diagnostics of thyroid tumors we evaluated the diagnostic performance of 3 antigen serum autoantibody signature in groups of benign (n = 22) and malignant (n = 26) thyroid tumors using a dot blot ELISA based analysis The sensitivity and specificity of resultant array were estimated to be 55–60% and 95–100%, respectively (p 0.001 according to one sided Fisher Exact Test). Thus, we created a prototype antigen array for differential diagnostics of thyroid tumors which can be regarded as a platform for design of more complicated panel, highly sensitive in thyroid cancer detection, which can significantly improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer

Keywords:
follicular neoplasm, thyroid cancer, cancer-associated antigens, fine-needle aspiration biopsy