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Цель исследования: оценка возможностей ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ в дифференциальной диагностике рецидивов от постлучевых изменений у больных с метастатическим поражением головного мозга после стереотаксической радиохирургии (СРХ). Материал и методы. В исследование были включены результаты ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ и МРТ-исследований 23 пациентов с метастазами в головном мозге опухолей различной первичной локализации после проведенной СРХ на аппарате Гамма-нож. Количество патологических очагов, в которых были измерены количественные показатели, составило 48. Всем пациентам была выполнена трехэтапная ПЭТ/КТ с 18F-ФЭТ и минимум два МР-исследования в динамике. ПЭТ/КТ была выполнена в три этапа: первый - сразу после внутривенного введения 18F-ФЭТ, второй и третий этапы через 10 и 40 мин от момента введения соответственно. Данные оценивались визуально и с подсчетом показателей maxSUV1,2,3 и TBR1,2,3 соответственно трем этапам. Результаты. Накопление РФП в патологических очагах в подавляющем большинстве случаев (98%) характеризовалось более высокими значениями maxSUV1,2,3 относительно непораженного вещества головного мозга и только в одном случае накопление не превышало фоновое. Средние значения TBR1,2,3 были выше при рецидивах метастазов, чем при изменениях смешанного характера и лучевом некрозе. Определена значимость первого этапа сканирования с вычислением TBR1 - при рецидиве значения превышали 2,0, при смешанных изменениях и некрозе значения были ниже 2,0. Дополнительную информацию дает графический анализ динамики TBR1,2,3, который также позволяет дифференцировать смешанные изменения и постлучевой некроз по вектору кривой. Заключение. Комплексный анализ значения TBR1 и типа кривой является более точным критерием, чем одиночный анализ maxSUV1,2,3 в патологическом участке. В случае выявления рецидива возможно определение наиболее активного участка, что играет важную роль при планировании проведения повторной СРХ. Выявление смешанного характера изменений имеет прогностический характер и в большинстве случаев подразумевает динамический контроль.
Ключевые слова:
ПЭТ/КТ, 18F-ФЭТ, метастазы, головной мозг, некроз, стереотаксическая радиохирургия, PET/CT, 18F-FET, metastases, MRI, necrosis, stereotactic radiosurgery
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Evaluation of the potential of PET/CT with 18F-FET in differential diagnosis recurrence from post-radiation changes in patients with metastatic brain lesions after stereotactic radiosurgery. Materials and methods. The study included results of PET/CT with 18F-FET and MRI studies of 23 patients with brain metastases of primary tumors different localization after Gamma knife. Number of lesions in which was measured quantitative indicators were 48. All patients underwent three-phase PET/CT with 18F-FET and at least two dynamic MRI. PET/CT was performed in three stages: the first immediately after administration of 18F-FET, the second and third in 10 and 40 min after administration respectively. The data were evaluated visually with calculation of maxSUV1,2,3 and TBR1,2,3 respectively to the three phases of the studies. Results. Accumulation of 18F-FET in the pathological lesions in the majority of cases (98%) were characterized by higher values of maxSUV1,2,3 relatively to the unaffected substance of the brain and only in one case the accumulation did not exceed background. The average values of the TBR1,2,3 were higher in the recurrence of metastases than in mixed and radiation necrosis changes. Determined the significance of the first stage of the scan with calculation TBR1 - values in the recurrence were higher than 2.0, than mixed changes and necrosis values that were below 2.0. Additional information gives graphical analysis of dynamics of TBR1,2,3, which also allows to differentiate mixed changes and postradiation necrosis by the vector curve. Conclusion. Comprehensive analysis of TBR1 values and curve type are more accurate criteria than single analysis maxSUV1,2,3 in the pathological area. In case of recurrence it is possible to determine the most active site, which plays an important role in planning for repeated radiosurgery. Identification of the mixed nature of changes have a predictive character and, in most cases, involve dynamic control.
Keywords:
ПЭТ/КТ, 18F-ФЭТ, метастазы, головной мозг, некроз, стереотаксическая радиохирургия, PET/CT, 18F-FET, metastases, MRI, necrosis, stereotactic radiosurgery