Медицинская литература. Новинки

 

 

 

 

 

 

Возможности применения модель-базированных итеративных реконструкций при компьютерной томографии легких

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Цель исследования: литературный обзор возможностей применения модельной итеративной реконструкции (МИР) при компьютерной томографии (КТ) для улучшения качества изображения, в том числе при низкодозовых протоколах сканирования. Материал и методы. Проведен анализ публикаций, посвященных применению МИР для снижения дозы облучения и улучшения качества изображений при КТ-диагностике патологии легких с акцентом на значение достигнутой дозы облучения. Результаты. Применение МИР позволяет устранять цифровой шум с медицинских изображений, улучшая их качество. Это свойство позволяет значительно снижать лучевую нагрузку при низкодозных протоколах без потери диагностического качества. В среднем использование МИР позволяет снизить дозу облучения на 70% по сравнению со стандартным протоколом, не повышая шумность КТ-изображений и сохраняя соотношение контраст/шум. Предыдущие исследования показали положительный опыт использования МИР в программах скрининга рака легкого и мониторинге онкологических пациентов. Заключение. Внедрение МИР в клиническую практику может оптимизировать лучевую нагрузку на популяцию, не снижая качество КТ-изображений, однако пороговые значения дозы облучения для достижения удовлетворительного качества изображения остаются неизученными.

Ключевые слова:
модельная итеративная реконструкция, низкодозовая компьютерная томография, грудная клетка, model-based iterative reconstruction, low dose computed tomography, chest

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Possibilities of applying model-based iterative reconstructions in computed tomography of the lungs

Aim: A literature review of the possibilities of applying model iterative reconstruction (MIR) in computed tomography to improve image quality, including in low-dose scanning protocols. Materials and methods. The analysis of publications devoted to the application of MIR to reduce the radiation dose and improve the quality of images in CT diagnostics of lung pathology with an emphasis on the value of the achieved radiation dose was carried out. Results. The use of MIR eliminates digital noise from medical images, improving their quality. This feature can significantly reduce radiation exposure with low-dose protocols without loss of diagnostic quality. On average, application of MIR allows to reduce the radiation dose by 70% compared to a standard protocol, without increasing the noise level of CT images and maintaining the contrast-to-noise ratio. Previous studies have shown positive experience with the use of MIR in lung cancer screening programs and monitoring of cancer patients. Conclusion. The introduction of MIR in clinical practice can optimize the radiation exposure on the population without reducing the quality of CT images, however, the threshold dose to achieve a satisfactory image quality remains unexplored.

Keywords:
модельная итеративная реконструкция, низкодозовая компьютерная томография, грудная клетка, model-based iterative reconstruction, low dose computed tomography, chest